金属弹簧管性能影响因素的仿真分析

为了研究高温密封组件金属弹簧性能,本文通过对波音公司编网状弹簧管结构和Streck心脏支架结构的研究,建立了编织弹簧的几何拓扑构型和数学模型,推导了弹簧直径计算公式。采用AUTODESK3D-MAX构建了编织弹簧的仿真模型,用ANSYS仿真软件分别从编织丝直径、编织密度以及编织方法 3方面探究不同测试对弹簧性能的影响。结果表明,增加弹簧丝直径、降低弹簧管轴向方向的编织密度、提高圆周方向的编织密度、向外的弹簧管编织方式可有效提高弹簧管的回弹性能。     

SINS辅助的星敏感器在线标定方法

航天器在飞行过程中,星敏感器受到外界温度、地面标定精度等因素影响存在较大的安装误差,这将严重影响星敏感器的定姿精度。为提高星敏感器精度,对其安装误差进行严格的在轨实时标定与修正是确保星敏感器测量精度的关键。提出了一种SINS辅助的在线标定方法,将SINS/星敏感器输出的姿态信息进行配准,构建了组合导航系统的Kalman滤波模型。该方法只需航天器在飞行过程中做简单的机动,即可对星敏感器的安装误差角进行实时在线标定。仿真结果表明,采用该标定方法可使星敏感器和惯导的安装误差角的总体估计率达到95%以上,具有较高的工程应用价值。     

Numerical study on flow fields and aerodynamics of tilt rotor aircraft in conversion mode based on embedded grid and actuator model

A method combining rotor actuator disk model and embedded grid technique is presented in this paper, aimed at predicting the flow fields and aerodynamic characteristics of tilt rotor aircraft in conversion mode more efficiently and effectively. In this method, rotor's influence is considered in terms of the momentum it impacts to the fluid around it; transformation matrixes among different coordinate systems are deduced to extend actuator method's utility to conversion mode flow fields' calculation. Meanwhile, an embedded grid system is designed, in which grids generated around fuselage and actuator disk are regarded as background grid and minor grid respectively, and a new method is presented for ‘donor searching' and ‘hole cutting' during grid assembling. Based on the above methods, flow fields of tilt rotor aircraft in conversion mode are simulated, with threedimensional Navier–Stokes equations discretized by a second-order upwind finite-volume scheme and an implicit lower–upper symmetric Gauss–Seidel(LU-SGS) time-stepping scheme. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed CFD method is very effective in simulating the conversion mode flow fields of tilt rotor aircraft.     

柔性扑翼气动结构耦合特性数值研究

微型扑翼体积小、重量轻,其柔性变形对气动特性有显著的影响。通过求解雷诺平均N-S方程(ReynoldsAveraged Navier-Stokes,RANS)和结构动力学方程,对微型柔性扑翼飞行器的气动结构耦合特性进行了数值模拟研究。针对微型扑翼的大幅运动,发展了适用于扑翼的气动结构耦合数值计算方法,研究了微型扑翼的气动结构耦合特性。通过求解雷诺平均Navier-Stokes(RANS)方程得到微型扑翼的非定常气动特性;利用哈密顿原理(Hamilton Principle)推导了扑翼的结构动力学方程,采用结构有限元方法对该动力学方程进行离散并求解,得到扑翼的动态结构特性;采用松耦合方法进行迭代。计算结果与风洞实验结果相比吻合良好,验证了所发展方法的有效性。在此基础上研究了惯性力和关键运动参数对柔性扑翼气动及结构特性的影响规律,有助于比较详细、全面地了解微型扑翼的气动机理,为柔性扑翼的设计提供了参考依据。     

固体燃料ATR涡轮/压气机匹配方法研究

为了获得固体燃料空气涡轮火箭发动机(SP-ATR)中涡轮和压气机的匹配工作特性,建立了涡轮和压气机的工作特性模型,根据SP-ATR转速、功率和背压平衡的工作特点,分别基于涡轮和压气机的工作环境先后采用两种不同的方法完成了二者的匹配。对比两种匹配方法得出结论:(1)基于涡轮的匹配方法与转速稳定过程一致,可确定特定飞行环境中发动机的转速;(2)基于压气机的匹配方法需要条件更少、适用范围更广,可用于特定转速调控方案下驱涡燃气流量的确定。两种匹配方法的计算结果相对Ax STREAM仿真结果的最大误差为10.75%,两种匹配方法的计算结果相差不超过8%。将建立的匹配方法应用于HARM弹自主爬升飞行过程,得到SP-ATR驱涡燃气流量的定量调控规律。     

Numerical analysis and optimization of boundary layer suction on airfoils

Numerical approach of hybrid laminar flow control(HLFC) is investigated for the suction hole with a width between 0.5 mm and 7 mm. The accuracy of Menter and Langtry’s transition model applied for simulating the flow with boundary layer suction is validated. The experiment data are compared with the computational results. The solutions show that this transition model can predict the transition position with suction control accurately. A well designed laminar airfoil is selected in the present research. For suction control with a single hole, the physical mechanism of suction control, including the impact of suction coefficient and the width and position of the suction hole on control results, is analyzed. The single hole simulation results indicate that it is favorable for transition delay and drag reduction to increase the suction coefficient and set the hole position closer to the trailing edge properly. The modified radial basis function(RBF) neural network and the modified differential evolution algorithm are used to optimize the design for suction control with three holes. The design variables are suction coefficient, hole width, hole position and hole spacing. The optimization target is to obtain the minimum drag coefficient. After optimization,the transition delay can be up to 17% and the aerodynamic drag coefficient can decrease by 12.1%.     

高旋转数下45°斜肋回转通道平均换热特性研究

为了更加深入地研究涡轮叶片回转通道的换热特性,研究了高旋转数下带45°斜肋回转通道的平均换热特性。在通道进口雷诺数从10000~70000,旋转数从0~2.07的范围内,实验研究了旋转状态下,方形截面带45°斜肋U型通道径向出流与径向入流两个流程四个侧面在0°,22.5°和45°三个安装角下的平均换热系数。研究结果表明:45°斜肋增强了通道换热,减弱了旋转对换热的影响;由于浮升力作用在肋间二次流上,导致通道内外侧出现临界回流现象;转角减弱了第一通道旋转对换热的影响,增强了第二通道旋转对换热的影响,其影响在低旋转数下并不显著,在高旋转数下开始变得明显。     

亚声速进气道设计敏感参数仿真分析

对不同气动布局的两种亚声速进气道建模,并针对两种进气道的敏感参数进行分析。通过对背部双发布局飞机进气道的隔道高度和喉道设计马赫数参数的研究可知,隔道高度增大或者喉道设计马赫数减小,使得进气道出口总压恢复系数增大,增量约0.5%。而对背部单发复杂形状进口(M型进口)布局飞机进气道的喉道形状研究显示,喉道形状越接近进口形状,进气道性能越好,较其他喉道形状进气道,M型喉道进气道出口总压恢复系数最高,最大增量约为1.5%。     

二元双喉道射流推力矢量喷管流动参数影响的数值研究

采用数值模拟方法研究了不同流动参数对二元双喉道射流推力矢量喷管(Dual-throat fluidic Thrust-vectoring Nozzle,DTN)内流特性和推力矢量控制效果的影响。结果表明,DTN在非推力矢量情况下,NPR在3~4范围时,推力系数较大,达到0.968,而流量系数较小,仅为0.93;NPR再增大,推力系数迅速下降。在推力矢量情况下,落压比一定时,随着次流流量比的增加,推力矢量角增加,而流量系数、推力系数、推力矢量效率减小;次流流量比一定时,随着落压比的增加,推力矢量角减小,系统推力系数先增加后减小,流量系数略微增加。     

大型客机一体化试飞改装设计方法研究

研究了大型客机试飞改装的要求和特点,提出了一体化试飞改装的设计方法,结合其在型号研制过程中的具体应用情况,具体阐述了一体化改装设计的方法及关键技术点。